新目标英语八年级(上)典型正误例析(Units,6~7):八年级英语上册课本

　　Unit 6I’m more outgoing than my sister. 　　 　　1. 老师让我们朗读课文。 　　误: The teacher made us to read the text.
　　正: The teacher made us read the text.
　　析: make可作使役动词用,意为“使……”、“让……”,其后作宾语补足语用的动词不定式不能带to。 例如:
　　The boss made them work from morning till night. 老板强迫他们从早干到晚。
　　2. 刘莉的头发比刘英的长。
　　误: Liu Li has longer hairs than Liu Ying.
　　正: Liu Li has longer hair than Liu Ying.
　　析: hair用来指一个人的全部头发时,是不可数名词,没有复数形式。例如:
　　She has golden hair. 她有一头金黄色的头发。
　　hair指一根或几根头发时,是可数名词。例如:
　　He has a few white hairs. 他有几根白头发。
　　3. 吉姆的父母都是医生。
　　误: Jim’s parents both are doctors.
　　正: Jim’s parents are both doctors.
　　析: both在句中用作主语的同位语时,通常放在行为动词之前或be动词之后。例如:
　　They both like English. 他们两人都喜欢英语。
　　You are both wrong. 你们俩都错了。
　　若谓语中带有助动词或情态动词,则应将both放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。例如:
　　We should both thank Lucy. 我们俩都应该感谢露西。
　　4. 我弟弟擅长做飞机模型。
　　误: My younger brother is good at make model planes.
　　正: My younger brother is good at making model planes.
　　析: be good at意为“擅长……”,后面接名词、代词或动词?鄄ing形式,不接动词原形。例如:
　　Bill is good at singing. 比尔擅长唱歌。
　　5. 汤姆的个子和杰克一样高。
　　误: Tom is as tall like Jack.
　　正: Tom is as tall as Jack.
　　析: as ... as ... 意为“像……一样”、“和……一样”。其中第一个as是副词;第二个as是连词,用来引导一个比较状语从句,故第二个as不能改为like。 as引导的从句多为省略句,其中与主句相同的部分常被省去。例如:
　　Tom walks as fast as Mike (walks). 汤姆走路与迈克一样快。
　　6. 你认为谁应该得到这份工作?
　　误: Whom do you think should get the job?
　　正: Who do you think should get the job?
　　析: 句中的do you think是插入语, who是句子的主语,不要把它误认为think的宾语,所以不能用whom。 例如:
　　Who do you think is the best student in the class? 你认为谁是班里最好的学生?
　　7. 没有风,一片寂静。
　　误: There was no wind and everything was quite.
　　正: There was no wind and everything was quiet.
　　析: quite与quiet词形相近,但它们是完全不同的两个词。 quite是副词,意为“很”、“非常”。 quiet是形容词,意为“安静的”、“平静的”。
　　8. 该上课了,请不要讲话。
　　误: It’s time for class. Please stop to talk.
　　正: It’s time for class. Please stop talking.
　　析: stop to do something与stop doing something意思完全不同。 stop to do sth意为“停下(原来做的事)去做另一件事”, stop是不及物动词,不定式to do sth作目的状语。例如:
　　He stopped to write a letter to her. 他停下手边的工作,给她写信。
　　stop doing sth意为“停止正在做的事情”。 stop是及物动词, doing sth作stop的宾语。例如:
　　“Stop writing; let’s have some listening,” the teacher said. “别写了,我们听一听吧,”老师说。
　　9. 他向我提供了许多信息。
　　误: He gave me many informations.
　　正: He gave me a lot of information.
　　析: information意为“消息”、“报道”、“资料”、“情报”时,是不可数名词,其后不能加s, 其前也不能加many。 例如:
　　I have got much (a lot of) information. 我得到了许多信息。
　　10. 我们班的男孩大部分喜欢踢足球。
　　误: Most of boys in our class like to play football.
　　正: Most of the boys in our class like to play football.
　　析: most可以用作代词,后跟of。 most of后面可以跟一个带有特指意义的代词或名词,但名词前面必须有限定词。例如:
　　Most of us like playing basketball. 我们大多数人喜欢打篮球。
　　Most of my friends are away for the moment. 目前我的朋友多数都不在此地。
　　I was in London most of the time. 我大部分时间都在伦敦。
　　
　　[练习] 从下列各句的A、B、C、D中找出一处错误,并加以改正。
　　1. He has a lot of informations for all the computers now.
　　 A B CD
　　2. The air in the room smells bad. Would you please stop to smoke?
　　 A B C D
　　3. I can’t make him to do that.
　　 A BC D
　　4. I’m quiter than most of the kids in my class.
　　 A B C D
　　5. Whom do you think is the tallest in your club?
　　 A BCD
　　6. Robert is a tall man with thick, black hairs.
　　 A B C D
　　7. He is good at listen to speeches in a foreign language.
　　 A B C D
　　8. Bill and Emma both are from a province of Canada.
　　 ABC D
　　9. She isn’t as pretty like her sister.
　　 AB CD
　　10. Most of students in our class come from the city.
　　A B C D
　　
　　Unit 7How do you make a banana milk shake?
　　
　　1. 她正走进房间。
　　误: She is walking in the room.
　　正: She is walking into the room.
　　析: 介词into常与go, come, walk, run等含移动意义的动词连用,表示动作的方向,有“进入”的意思,其意义与out of相反。例如:
　　He ran into the garden and ran out of it again. 他跑进花园又跑了出来。
　　介词in意为“在……里面”,表示静止状态。例如:
　　He is sleeping in the room. 他睡在房间里。
　　但在put, throw, jump, fall等动词后面既可以用in, 也可以用into, 意思相同。例如:
　　It’s not so cold. Don’t put your hands in (into) your pockets. 天气不很冷。不要把手插在衣袋里。
　　2. 你需要多少肉?
　　误: How many meat do you want?
　　正: How much meat do you want?
　　析: how many与how much都可以表示“多少”。 how many后面接复数可数名词。例如:
　　How many classes do you have on Friday? 星期五你们上多少节课?
　　how much后面接不可数名词。例如:
　　How much water is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水?
　　3. 你会做蛋糕吗?
　　误: Can you do a cake?
　　正: Can you make a cake?
　　析: do与make都含有“做”的意思。 do指做某项工作。例如:
　　I’m not going to do any work this afternoon. 今天下午我什么活也不想干。
　　I don’t like doing housework. 我不喜欢做家务活。
　　make指“制作”某种东西。例如:
　　My father and I once made a boat. 我父亲和我曾经造过一条小船。
　　Can you make shoes? 你会做鞋吗?
　　4. 今天早上我吃了两块面包当早饭。
　　误: I had two breads for breakfast this morning.
　　正: I had two pieces of bread for breakfast this morning.
　　析: 物质名词bread是不可数名词。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,前面也不能加不定冠词。如果要表示某些不可数名词的量,需加上量词,如: two bowls of rice两碗饭; five plates of chicken五盘鸡肉; three cups of tea三杯茶; two glasses of water二杯水。
　　5. 把糖和水放进碗里调拌。
　　误: Put sugar and water in the bowl and mix up them.
　　正: Put sugar and water in the bowl and mix them up.
　　析: mix up是由“及物动词 + 副词”构成的短语动词,但后面跟人称代词it(them)作宾语时,应将人称代词放在动词和副词之间;后跟名词作宾语时,名词可放在副词的前面,也可放在副词的后面。例如:
　　Mix up the flour and water. (= Mix the flour and water up.) 把面粉和水和匀。
　　6. 请在海报上加个说明。
　　误: Please add a note on the poster.
　　正: Please add a note to the poster.
　　析: 表示“把某物加入某物”时,应该说add sth to sth else。 例如:
　　Please add some salt to the soup. 请往汤里加点盐。
　　7. 打开搅拌器。
　　误: Open the blender.
　　正: Turn on the blender.
　　析: open与turn on都可译成“打开”,但它们使用的场合不同。说“打开”窗户、门、书等,多用open。 例如:
　　Would you like to open the door? 请把门打开,好吗?
　　要表示“开”、“旋开”自来水、煤气、搅拌器、电灯、收音机、电视机等时,常用turn on。 例如:
　　Shall I turn on the TV? 我把电视打开,好吗?
　　8. 下一步你要在面包上放一杯蜂蜜。
　　误: Next you need pour a cup of honey on the bread.
　　正: Next you need to pour a cup of honey on the bread.
　　析: need可用作情态动词,表示“需要,必须”,多用于疑问句和否定句,一般不用于肯定句。 need作实义动词用时,后面应接动词不定式。例如:
　　He needs to get a pair of new trousers. 他需要弄一条新裤子。
　　9. ―你喜欢酸奶吗?
　　―是的,我喜欢。
　　误:―Do you like yogurt?
　　―Yes, I like.
　　正:―Do you like yogurt?
　　―Yes, I do.
　　析: 对含行为动词的一般疑问句作简略回答时,常用“Yes, + 主语 + do或其他助动词”或用“No, + 主语 + do或其他助动词 + not”。 例如:
　　―Does he like English? 他喜欢英语吗?
　　―No, he doesn’t. 不,他不喜欢。
　　10. 你喜欢吃西红柿吗?
　　误: Do you like tomatos?
　　正: Do you like tomatoes?
　　析: 以o结尾的名词变为复数形式时,通常应在词尾加“s”, 如: radio-radios; zoo-zoos; photo-photos; piano-pianos。 但是有少数名词变复数时,要在词尾加“?鄄es”, 其中常见的有tomato, potato等。例如:
　　My brother likes to eat potatoes. 我弟弟喜欢吃土豆。
　　[练习] 从下列各句的A、B、C、D中找出一处错误,并加以改正。
　　1. You need stay at a hotel for the night.
　　 AB C D
　　2. I usually have some breads and a glass of milk for breakfast.
　　 A B C D
　　3. She ran in the drawing?鄄room and began walking up and down.
　　 A B C D
　　4. Open the TV; there is important news.
　　 A B C D
　　5. Can you help me to cut up the tomatos?
　　A B C D
　　6. ―Do you like these pictures?
　　 A B
　　―Yes, I like.
　　 C D
　　7. Did you really do model ships on the desk?
　　 A B C D
　　8. If the tea is too strong, add some more water on it.
　　 A B C D
　　9. ―How many relish do you want?
　　 A B
　　―About a teaspoon.
　　 C D
　　10. Would you please put the medicine into the glass and mix up it.
　　 A B C D
　　
　　Key to Unit 6:
　　1. B。 informations→information2. D。 to smoke→smoking
　　3. C。 to do→do4. A。 quiter→quieter5. A。 Whom→Who
　　6. D。 hairs→hair7. B。 listen→listening8. A。 both are→are both
　　9. D。 like→as10. B。 students→the students
　　Key to Unit 7:
　　1. A。 stay→to stay2. B。 breads→bread3. A。 in→into
　　4. A。 Open→Turn on5. D。 tomotos→tomatoes6. D。 like→do
　　7. C。 do→make8. D。 on→to9. A。 many→much
　　10. D。 mix up it→mix it up