2019北极冰川不复存在? 2019年进入小冰川时期

时间：2019-01-08 03:17:27　来源：柠檬阅读网本文已影响人

　　也许是因为2009年11月上映的灾难片《2012》,也可能是因为同年12月召开了全球关注的哥本哈根国际气候大会,小编义无反顾地将这篇已经不“新”的新闻搬了上来,希望同学们时刻提醒自己和身边的人:我们有义务为地球做点事情,而不是对即将被淹没的岛国居民说一声“抱歉”。P.S. 本文长句较多,建议先熟悉文字再听声音。
　　
　　Data released this week注 by a team of explorers who trekked[长途跋涉] through the Arctic for three months this spring, shows the North Pole will be an open sea during
　　the summer months within 20 years. The Catlin Arctic Survey team, led by explorer Pen Hadow, measured the thickness of the ice as they sledged and hiked through the northern part of the Beaufort Sea in the geographic North Pole. Their findings show that most the ice in the region is first-year ice that is only around six feet deep and will melt next summer. The region has traditionally contained thicker, multi-year ice which does not melt as rapidly. The results come as negotiators prepare to meet in Copenhagen in December to draft a global climate path.
　　Peter Wadhams (Univ. of Cambridge Polar Ocean Physics Group): Their conclusions from this work and from other measurements that have been done and from new models are that the summer ice will
　　disappear within 20 to 30 years, and it will be, a lot of it will be gone within ten years. And it will retreat[撤退] to a fairly small area north of Greenland within about a decade, and then the rest of the ice will disappear during the following decade.
　　Martin Sommerkorn (WWF Arctic Program): These results are significant because they highlight the
　　urgency. They highlight how an important aspect of the climate system is actually much more vulnerable[脆弱的] to climate change than we thought.
　　Sommerkorn noted that the Arctic sea holds a central position in the earth’s climate system, and loss of Arctic ice could impact the climate of regions way beyond the Arctic itself. Potential consequences include flooding affecting a quarter of the world’s population, significant increases in greenhouse gas emissions[排放] from massive carbon pools[碳库], as well as extreme global weather changes. Global warming has raised the stakes[冒更大风险] in the scramble[争夺] for sovereignty[主权] in the Arctic because shrinking polar ice could someday open resource development and new shipping lanes[航道]. The rapid ice melting has raised speculation[推测] that the Northwest Passage linking the Atlantic and Pacific oceans could one day become a regular shipping lane.
　　
　　2009年春天,一个科考队在北极冰原上跋涉考察达三个月之久。他们于本周(2009年10月底)公布的数据显示,在20年内,夏季的北极将变成一片汪洋。在探险家潘・哈多的带领下,卡特林北极考察队乘坐雪橇兼徒步穿越了位处地理北极的波弗特海北部,对冰层厚度进行测量。他们的调查结果显示,此区域的冰层为一年期冰层,只有约六英尺(约1.8米)厚,明年夏天便会融化。这片区域历来都是由较厚的多年期冰层组成,融化速度较慢。这组报告结果来得正是时候,因为各国谈判代表正准备在(2009年)12月到丹麦哥本哈根进行会晤,初步确定全球气候变化走向。
　　彼得・沃德汉斯(剑桥大学极地海洋物理学研究组):从这次勘测、其他已有的测量数据以及新的预测模型所得出的结论是,夏季(北极)冰川会在20到30年内消失殆尽,其中大部分将在十年之内消失。在未来十年内,冰川会缩减到格陵兰岛北边一块非常小的区域,而在随后的十年里,剩余冰川将不复存在。
　　马丁・萨默科恩(世界自然基金会北极项目):这些调查结果意义重大,因为它强调了(采取措施的)紧迫性。这些结果强调了很重要的一点:在气候变化面前,气候系统比我们想象的还要不堪一击。
　　萨默科恩指出,北冰洋处于地球气候系统的中心位置,北极冰川的消失会影响到北冰洋以外其他地区的气候变化。可能出现的后果包括:影响世界四分之一人口的洪水灾害、大规模碳库温室气体排放量显著增加,以及全球出现极端天气等。全球变暖已经引起北极主权争夺的危险,因为北极冰川的缩减可能有朝一日带来资源开发和新航道开辟的机会。冰川的快速融化已经引发了新的猜想――也许连接大西洋和太平洋的“西北通道”有一天会变成一条常规航道。
　　
　　注:指2009年10月底。

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2019北极冰川不复存在? 2019年进入小冰川时期

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