开罗，世界之母_开罗游戏中文官网正版

　　开罗是世界文明的摇篮，享有“世界之母”的盛誉。它横跨尼罗河，气魄雄伟，风貌壮观，是中东地区的政治、经济和商业中心。它那悠久而光荣的历史散发着迷人的光辉，而现代卓越的成就更增添了这个城市的魅力。本期《旅游网》栏目我们就邀您一同前往这个埃及和阿拉伯世界最大的城市――开罗。
　　
　　Cairo, with its 18 million inhabitants (last count!) and centuries of historical upheaval and change, can only be described as an assault on the senses. There is no word that can truly capture the epic scale of this city, which draws in the cultures of Europe, Africa and the Orient. At first glance the traffic, the crowds, the vastness and the chaotic rhythm of Cairo can be overwhelming. The wide boulevards and narrow alleys are jammed with everything from luxury cars to donkeys in a frantic bustle that is everyday life in one of the oldest metropolitan cities in the world. The architecture ranges from ancient to medieval to modern. Each successive ruler of the city, the Romans, the Greeks, Arabs, Europeans, refrained from destroying the edifices of bygone eras, thus, preserving a long succession of monuments to the past; visible evidence of a city that has been conquered and reconquered several times over thousands of years. The city, in fact, consists of several separate and unique identities which can only be discovered by exploring its various districts. Cairo is in many ways a collection of smaller cities, each with its own characteristics and way of life. But they all have one thing in common: history. In Cairo, history is not just visual. It is evident in the people and the culture. It is a state of mind. After all, this is the Mother of the World!
　　
　　Climate
　　
　　When is the best time to visit Cairo? The answer is easy; anytime except for the summer months when the searing desert sun makes crossing the street feel like an exhausting mission. September to April, when the temperatures are mild, is the best period to see Cairo.
　　
　　Events
　　
　　Cairo celebrates a variety of Islamic and Coptic Christian festivals throughout the year. A Moulid is a type of festival which is a cross between a religious celebration and a funfair. Lasting about a week, moulids involve Sufi zikrs (trance-like dances), snake charming, curing of the sick, sideshows, food and much, much more.
　　
　　Giza
　　
　　It is said that man fears time, but time fears Egypt. If you visit
　　Egypt"s best known pyramids at Giza you will begin to understand why. Part of a massive necropolis attached to the ancient capital of Memphis, their wonder lies in their age and in the twin mysteries of how they were built and what for. They are the sole survivors of the Seven Wonders of the World and the planet"s oldest tourist attraction. There is not much to see inside the pyramids but climbing down inside these massive structures is an unforgettable experience. Standing guard over the pharaoh"s final resting place is "the father of terror", better known as the Sphinx.
　　
　　Saqqara
　　
　　Saqqara is further from the downtown area than Giza and, thus, quieter and more serene. The Step Pyramid of Zoser is believed to be the oldest in the world. The sites of Saqqara are spread out over a large area making it difficult to explore on foot. Hotels in Cairo can arrange a car and driver to take you around Saqqara for a day. Prices tend to be very reasonable.
　　
　　The Egyptian Antiquities Museum
　　
　　With over 100, 000 exhibits, it is said that if you were to spend one minute looking at each item in the Egyptian Antiquities Museum the entire tour would take nine months! Most tourists tend to be selective. Tutankhamun"s funerary objects, particularly the solid gold death mask and the sarcophagus, are the most popular attraction in the museum. The mummy room, which houses the preserved remains of eleven pharaohs, is also well worth a visit.
　　
　　Islamic Cairo
　　
　　Islamic Cairo is a World Heritage site and the oldest medieval metropolis in the world. Strolling through its narrow alleys is akin to walking in a place where time has stopped for several centuries. Bazaars, mosques, minarets and fortresses remind the visitor of the splendor of Islamic culture. But Islamic Cairo is not a museum; it is a lively, lived-in district where trade, the age-old passion of the Arabs is still very much alive and flourishing.
　　
　　Old Cairo
　　
　　This district consists of a large walled compound where the city"s Coptic Christians, and small Jewish community, lives. It is quieter and less crowded than Islamic Cairo. When the Romans ruled the city this area was known as Babylon and it predates the arrival of Islam in Egypt. It still retains the look of an ancient city and is home to some of the oldest Christian churches in the Middle East. There is a spring here where it is believed that the daughter of the pharaoh found the basket in which the baby Moses lay sleeping.
　　
　　Shopping
　　
　　Khan al-Khalili - even if you have no intention of buying anything, the Great Bazaar has to be seen. This massive market in Islamic Cairo has been operating since the 14th century. It is where everyone, newcomer and Cairene alike, goes to find traditional items: jewelry, lamps, spices, clothes, textiles, handicrafts, water pipes, metalwork. The style of shopping here is a cultural experience in itself. Bargaining is conducted with raised voices and vivid body language. Shoppers and shopkeepers will often sit down to tea, cigarettes and pleasant small talk before negotiations begin. Not the place to go if you are in a hurry! Stores generally are open 10-9 Monday through Saturday; most close on Sunday and during Friday prayer time (the hour around noon).
　　
　　For non traditional goods you can try one of the many up-market department stores, such as the First Residence Shopping Centre in Giza.
　　
　　Rest and Recreation
　　
　　Sitting in a teahouse sipping sweet tea or bitter Turkish coffee and puffing on sheeshah pipes is an ancient form of recreation for Egyptian men. The tea houses provide pipes which can also be bought in markets to take home as a souvenir. The pipe is made of a glass bottle filled with water to cool the smoke, brass fittings and a camel leather hose. The tobacco is a sticky substance that comes in honey and apple flavours. The tea house is a great place to ①wile away an evening watching the locals have animated conversations and play backgammon.
　　
　　If you fancy something a little bit bawdier than a tea house then you should try one of the numerous belly dancing clubs in the city. Be warned; belly dancing clubs can be traps designed to fleece tourists. Go to Alhambra in the Sheraton Hotel where resident dancer Dina wows the audience with this ancient erotic performance.
　　
　　拥有1800万居民（前一次统计数据！）、历经几个世纪历史变迁的开罗，只能以感官上的震撼来加以形容。没有任何词语可以确切地形容这个汲取了欧洲、非洲以及东方文化的城市的恢弘。乍一看，开罗的交通、人群、广袤以及无序的节奏可能会令人应接不暇。从豪华轿车到毛驴，被挤得满满当当的宽广大道和狭窄小巷中什么都有，处于一片尘嚣之中――这就是这个世界最古老的大城市之一的日常生活。建筑风格从古代到中世纪到现代的都有。罗马人、希腊人、阿拉伯人、欧洲人，每一个相继统治这座城市的统治者，都避免毁坏以往时代的高大建筑，从而保留了一连串历史的丰碑――一个城市几千年来数次历经沦落与再度沦落的见证。事实上，这个城市有几个独立而又独特的特性，只有通过对其多样化的城区进行探究才能发现。开罗在很大程度上就是一些小城市的集合体，每一个城市都拥有各自的特点和生活方式。然而，它们都有一个相通之处――历史。在开罗，历史不仅仅可以看见。它还跃然于民众和文化之间。它就是一种心态。毕竟，这里是世界之母。
　　
　　气候
　　
　　何时是游历开罗的最佳时机？答案很简单：任何时间都可以，就是不要选在夏季月份（灼热的沙漠太阳会令过马路就像是一项令人疲乏不堪的任务）。气温适中的9月到4月，是游览开罗的最佳时节。
　　
　　活动
　　
　　开罗全年都在庆祝各种各样的伊斯兰教和科普特基督教的节日。“先知诞辰日”是一种将宗教庆典和游园会相融合的节日。“先知诞辰日”大约持续一周，包括“Sufi zikrs”（招魂之类的舞蹈）、耍蛇、巫术治病、杂耍、餐饮，以及更多的东西。
　　
　　吉萨
　　
　　据说，人类惧怕时间，而时间则惧怕埃及。如果你游览了埃及最著名的吉萨金字塔群，你就会开始明白是为什么了。它们是孟菲斯旧都所属的宏伟墓地的一部分，其惊奇之处在于它们的年代以及两个密不可分的谜团――其建筑方式和建造目的。它们是世界七大奇迹中唯一幸存下来的一个，也是这个星球上最古老的游览胜地。金字塔的内部没有什么值得一看的东西，而在这些巨大的建筑物内部向下攀行却是一次难忘的经历。看守法老安息地的是“恐怖之父”，更多地被称为斯芬克司（注：狮身人面像）。
　　
　　塞加拉
　　
　　与吉萨相比，塞加拉离市区更远一些，因而也就更加安宁与祥和。卓瑟王阶梯金字塔被认为是世界上最早的金字塔。塞加拉的景观分布在一片巨大的区域之上，使之难于徒步进行探察。开罗的酒店可以安排车辆和司机带你去塞加拉游览一天。价格还算是非常合理的。
　　
　　埃及国家考古博物馆
　　
　　埃及国家考古博物馆拥有10万件以上的展品，据说如果你打算在每件藏品上花一分钟的话，那么你的整个行程要用上9个月！大多数游客往往是有选择性的。图坦卡门墓葬的陪葬品，尤其是纯金亡灵面具和石棺，是馆中最受欢迎的看点。而容纳了11具保存完好的法老遗骸的木乃伊展厅同样也非常值得一看。
　　
　　伊斯兰城市开罗
　　
　　伊斯兰城市开罗是一处世界遗产和世界上最古老的中世纪城市。漫步在狭窄的小巷间就犹如在一个时间已停滞了几个世纪的地方中行走。集市、清真寺、尖塔和堡垒令游人联想到伊斯兰文化的辉煌。然而，伊斯兰城市开罗不是一个博物馆；它是一个生机勃勃、人烟不绝的地区，在那里，贸易这个阿拉伯人古老的激情所在依旧是异常活跃和繁荣的。
　　
　　开罗老城
　　
　　这个地区有一座围墙之城，里面住着科普特基督教徒和犹太人小团体。与伊斯兰城市开罗相比，这里更加安静，也没有那么拥挤。在罗马人统治时期，这个地区被叫做“巴比伦”，它比伊斯兰教在埃及出现的时间还早。这里还保留着古城的风貌，也是中东一些最古老的基督教堂的所在地。这里还有一口泉水，据信，法老的女儿就是在这里找到婴儿摩西睡觉的那个篮子的。
　　
　　购物
　　堪阿哈利利市场――即使你不打算买什么东西，还是要到这座“大市场”去看上一看。伊斯兰城市开罗的这个大市场从14世纪起就一直开放。任何人，无论是初来乍到者还是开罗当地人，都可以到这里去找寻传统制品：珠宝、灯具、香料、服装、纺织品、手工艺品、水烟筒和金属制品。这里的购物方式本身就是一种文化体验。讨价还价是通过拔高嗓门和形象的肢体语言来完成的。在讨价之前，买家和卖家通常会坐下来喝茶、抽烟并惬意地闲聊。如果你行色匆匆，就不要来这里了！商铺一般在周一至周六上午10点到晚上9点营业；大部分会在周日和周五的祈祷时间（正午期间的一个小时）歇业。
　　
　　若要想买一些非传统的物品，你可以试着在许多高档商场中挑一家看看，如吉萨的第一官邸百货商场。
　　
　　休闲与娱乐
　　
　　坐在茶馆里啜饮香茶或苦涩的土耳其咖啡并抽着水烟，是埃及男人自古以来的消遣方式。茶馆会提供一些烟筒，这些烟筒在市场中也可以买到，回家留作纪念品。烟筒的构成是，一个内附有水来冷却烟雾的玻璃瓶、黄铜配饰和一根用骆驼皮制成的软管。烟草是一种带有蜂蜜和苹果口味的粘着物质。茶馆是晚上消磨时光的好去处，你可以坐在那里看着当地人愉快地交谈，玩着西洋双陆棋。
　　
　　如果你喜欢比茶馆更光鲜一点儿的地方，那么你应该在该市为数甚多的肚皮舞夜总会中找一家试试。注意：肚皮舞夜总会可能是旨在敲游客竹杠的陷阱。去希尔顿饭店的阿尔罕布拉宫，那里的常驻演员迪娜会用她那古老的煽情表演让观众赞叹不已。
　　
　　upheaval /7p`h1v9l/ n.剧变
　　assault /9`s5lt/ n.攻击；突袭
　　frantic /`fr2ntik/ adj.急忙的
　　refrain /ri`frein/ vi.（与from连用）避免
　　edifice /`edifis/ n.大建筑物
　　bygone /`baiG4(:)n/ adj.过去的
　　monument /`m4njum9nt/ n.有历史价值的建筑物
　　searing /`si9riM/ adj.灼热的
　　sideshow /`saidH9u/ n.杂耍
　　necropolis /ne`kr4p9lis/ n.大墓地
　　serene /si`r1n/ adj.安宁的
　　antiquity /2n`tikwiti/ n.古代的遗物
　　sarcophagus /s3`k4f9G9s/ n.石棺
　　stroll /str9ul/ v.闲逛
　　akin /9`kin/ adj.类似的
　　bazaar /b9`z3/ n.集市；市场
　　minaret /`min9ret/ n.尖塔
　　lived-in adj.长时间有人居住的（房屋）
　　textile /`tekstail/ n.纺织品
　　water pipe /`w5t9 paip/ n.水烟筒
　　puff /p7f/ v.抽喷
　　hose /h9uz/ n.软管
　　backgammon /b2k`G2m9n/ n.西洋双陆棋
　　bawdy /`b5di/ adj.好色的
　　belly dancing 肚皮舞
　　fleece /fl1s/ vt.骗取
　　
　　① wile away 消磨