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    [跳出思维定式 巧解圈套题]跳出思维定式

    时间:2019-01-10 03:21:08 来源:柠檬阅读网 本文已影响 柠檬阅读网手机站

      很多同学在考试时经常会的原因将自己做错的题再次做错,这让无数考生感到无奈并自责。究其原因,都是思维定式惹的祸。要想让自己不再犯同样的错误,就必须将犯错的原因从源头上弄清楚,真正走出错误思维。以下就对近几年易错的考题加以讲解,以求帮助大家走出困惑。
      1.Which do you enjoy _______ your holiday, going touring or staying at home? (07淮安)
      A. spendingB. to spendC. spend
      解析:本题易错选A。其原因在于很多同学都认为enjoy doing sth.是一个习惯搭配,然而本题的答题关键却在题目的后半部分going touring or staying at home,说明是在两者中选择做什么来度过这个假期。事实上对于此类题目若同学们觉得比较难的话,可将该句改为:You enjoy which ____ your holiday, going touring or staying at home?由此我们就可确定正确答案应为B。例如:
      After school, what my son enjoysfootball.
      A playingB playedC to playD is playing
      本题易错选A。而正确思路应为what my son enjoys 为主语从句,此句缺少be 做谓语,故排除B和C,应选D。
      
      2.It’s our duty to ______ people ________ too many trees. (07连云港)
      A. stop; cutting downB. prevent;to cut down
      C. keep; cutting down D. make; cut down
      解析:本题易错选C。因为许多同学都会认为“阻止某人做某事”可用stop / prevent / keep sb. from doing sth.但是,stop / prevent在主动语态中可将后面的from省去,被动语态中三者均不可省,而有的同学会误认为from在所有的主动语态中都可以省,于是就会错选C。若用keep sb. doing sth. 就表示“让某人一直做某事”,意思显然不对。本题的正确答案应为A。
      
      3.―Will you please show me how to do the role play exercise? (07南通)
      ―Sure. Now let me tell you _______ first.
      A. which to do B. how to do
      C. when to doD. what to do
      解析:本题易错选B。一般同学们会认为“我要教你怎么做”是方式,所以用how to do。但事实上该句是在考查对于名词性从句的省略现象,若将该句还原,我们会得到以下句子:Let me tell you _______ (第一步该怎么做)。那么我们可以这样来表达:how you should do it first / what you should do。如果将其省略就应为how to do it / what to do。因此本题的正确答案应为D。例如:
      I need your help because I don’t know_________.(07徐州)(A)
      A. how to do itB. how to do
      C. what to do itD. what should I do
      
      4.It’s selfish_________ Eddie_________ the whole birthday cake. (08宿迁)
      A. of; to eatB. of; eating
      C. for; to eatD. for; eating
      解析:本题易错选C。因为很多同学会认为“对于Eddie来说是selfish的”,然而此题的考查重点在于介词的选择。我们说“如果某事对于某人来说是怎么样的”,会经常使用for,而如果是“某人本身所具有的本质”的话,则应使用of,常见的句型有:it’s important / strange / necessary for sb. to do sth.;it is selfish / brave / foolish / clever of sb. to do sth.。因此本题的正确答案应为A。
      5.Students should pay attention tothe teacher in class. (07泰州)
      A. hear B. listen to
      C. listening toD. hearing of
      解析:本题易错选B。此题的关键在于pay attention to中的to 为介词,其后应接doing。因此本题的正确答案应为C。
      
      6.My friend, Darren, is coming to visit us. I’m looking forward to _____ him. (07潜江)
      A.meetB.meetingC.to meetD.to meeting
      解析:本题易错选C。此题的关键在于looking forward to中的to 为介词,因此其后应接doing。因此本题的正确答案应为B。
      
      7.Grandma ______ us stories when we were very young.(08内江)
      A. used to tellB. is used to tell
      C. was used to tell
      解析:本题易错选C。此题主要是要将这几个形式相近的词组含义区分开来。used to do 意为“过去常常做某事”,be used to do 意为“被用来做某事”,而be used to doing则表示“习惯于做某事”。因此本题的正确答案应为A。
      
      8. They are too tired, so they stopand have a rest. (07内江)
      A. workingB. to workC. work
      解析:本题主要是要搞清楚stop to do 与stop doing 的区别,后接动词不定式表示“停下来去做某事”,而接动名词则表示“停止做某事”,根据句意本题应选A。后接动词不定式和动名词含义不一样的还有以下词组:remember to do 意为“记得去做某事”,remember doing意为“记得做过某事”。类似的还有forget/regret/go on 等。例如:
      Remember to______ the lights when you leave your classroom.(07重庆)(B)
      A. turn onB. turn off
      C. turn upD. turn down
      
      9.Is this the factory _____ you visited the other day?
      A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one
      Is this factory ______ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
      A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one
      Is this the factory _____ he worked ten years ago?
      A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one
      解析:这3道题是定语从句中较为典型的题,它们可以给我们在做定语从句一类题时有个提醒。我们知道定语从句必须要满足3个条件:(1)必须要有先行词;(2)先行词在从句中必须担当一定的成分;(3)关系词要代替前面的先行词。而定语从句的连接词的选择是考查的重中之重,主要是看从句中缺什么成分,通常是缺什么就补什么。这几道题的答案分别应为A、D、B。我们可将它们转换为以下几种形式:
      This is the factory _______ you visited the other day.(从句中缺少宾语)
      This factory is _______ some foreign friends visited last Friday.(该句无先行词,若为名词性从句则应用what来引导)
      This is the factory_______ he worked ten years ago.(从句中缺少状语)
      
      10.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists.
      A. two of whom B. both of whom
      C. both of them D. all of whom
      解析:该题易错选C。在定语从句中逗号是十分关键的,题中逗号说明该句为非限制性定语从句,所以只能选择B。然而若将题干改为He has two sons and _______ work as chemists.那么本题的答案就应是C了。
      编辑/丁俊玲

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