【学点介词惯用法】英语介词惯用法论文

时间：2019-01-07 03:30:44　来源：柠檬阅读网本文已影响人

　　英语中有些介词搭配能力较强,不易掌握,首先以from为例,除可带名词、代词作宾语外,还可以带副词、形容词、数词、动名词、介词短语或从句等作宾语。请看以下例句: 　　1.He flew from Shanghai to Paris.(名词)
　　2.I heard from her yesterday.(代词)
　　3.How far is it from here to the airport?(副词)
　　4.Where are you from?(疑问副词)
　　5.Your answer is far from satisfactory.(形容词)
　　6.There were from twenty to thirty children present.有二十到三十个孩子在场。(数词)
　　7.The storm prevented the airplane from taking off.暴雨使飞机无法起飞。(动名词)
　　8.The grandma was looking at me from under her glasses.老奶奶从眼镜下面看我。(介词短语)
　　9.From what I heard,the driver was to blame.就我所听到的,司机应该受到指责。(从句)
　　上面的第8句是介词+介词短语的用法,但不是任何介词都可以这样用。下面举几个常见的这类用法。
　　1.from+介词短语
　　When I got to the house,a dog suddenly rushed out from behind the door.
　　He waved at me from across the street.他从街对面向我招手。
　　2.except+介词短语
　　He usually goes to work by bike except on raining days.
　　There was no direct route except through the centre of the city.除了穿过市中心,无近路可走。
　　3.till/until+介词短语
　　He won’t go over his lessons till before the examination.直到考试前他才复习功课。
　　He watched TV until after his father’s arrival.
　　4.since+介词短语
　　I have known Mr Zhang since before liberation.
　　He hasn’t come back to his hometown since after his going to college.
　　5.instead of+介词短语
　　He goes to school on foot instead of by bus.
　　The teacher told his students to do their homework in class instead of at home.
　　介词for常表示目的、用途和原因,有时还可以表示动作,相当于动词意义,这种用法可以使语言表达明了简洁。请看下面例句:
　　1.Not all ants go out for food.(for food=to look for food)
　　2.How much do you want for that?(for that=to do that)
　　3.She and her college teammates also tried out for the relay race.(for the ralay race=to take part in the relay race)
　　4.I had to run for my bus and got my stocking dirty.我得跑着去赶公交车,却把长袜子弄脏了。(for my bus=to catch the bus)
　　5.One day Wilma’s mother went to the door to call everybody in for supper.一天,威尔玛的母亲到门口去叫大家进来吃饭。(for supper=to have supper)
　　6.Crusoe returned home for two guns.(for two guns=to fetch two guns)
　　corner一词根据其所处的位置不同,可以与不同的介词搭配。例如in the corner of the room/on the corner of the box/at(on) the corner of the street。in,at,on究竟用哪个,应视情况而定。例如:
　　He sat in the corner of the hall.
　　The boy fell and hit his head on the corner of the box.
　　I saw a policeman at(on) the street corner.
　　We went to have dinner to the restaurant which stands at(on) the corner of the street.
　　He was driven into a corner.他被逼得走投无路。
　　They were then in a tight corner.他们当时处于困境中。
　　He lives just round the corner.他就住在拐弯处。
　　There were two policemen at the four corners.十字路口有两个警察。
　　英语表示“用……做某事”,可以用with,in和by的介词短语,但用法不同。
　　with表示用某种工具或方式做某事。例如:
　　What are you going to buy with the money?
　　The old man walks with a crutch(拐杖).
　　He filled the glass with water.
　　in表示用某种材料、手段或方法做某事。例如:
　　We all speak in English.
　　Sign your name(签名)in ink(用钢笔).
　　I was told about it in secret.
　　by表示用通信工具、某种器材或仪器做某事,以及接动名词表方式手段等。例如:
　　The sewing is done by machine.用机器缝纫。
　　Infrom him(通知他) by telephone,please.
　　The temperature is taken by thermometer(体温表).
　　The old man was living by begging(靠乞讨).

【学点介词惯用法】英语介词惯用法论文

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