浅谈英语语法中的倒装现象 英语语法倒装
时间：2019-04-13 03:17:04 来源：柠檬阅读网 本文已影响 人 
【摘要】英语中的倒装现象比较复杂，但如果掌握其基本用法，多加练习，仔细归纳，一定能运用自如。本文就来谈谈英语中的倒装现象。 【关键词】英语语法 倒装现象 归纳 运用
众所周知，英语语法中的倒装现象经常出现在高中英语教材和高考英语试题当中，它不同于英语中的正常语序。所以很多学生在运用中经常出错，下面就来谈谈英语中的倒装现象。英语语法中倒装分为两种情况，全部倒装和部分倒装。
1.全部倒装，即谓语动词在主语的前面。这类句型主要有以下几种形式
1.1 在there be 句型中（其中be 动词还可换成seam,live,stand,lie,appear,exis,come 等动词）：
(1)Long long ago,there lived a king who liked horses very much.
(2)There lies a beautiful small town at the foot of Mount Tai.
1.2 such 在句中作表语或定语位于句首时：
(1)Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.
(2)Such a moving film was it that they were all lost in thought.
1.3 there, here ,up ,down ,out ,in ,away等副词位于句首，主语为名词时要全部倒装。主语为代词时不倒装：
(1)Here comes the bus.
(2)Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.
1.4 地点状语位于句首，变成强调地点时，句子要倒装：
(１)On the top of the hill stands a temple where the old man once lived.
(２)In wine is the truth.
1.5 形容词，分词作表语提到句首，为了描述生动或平衡句子结构时：
(1)Standing beside the window was a boy aged about 6.
(2)Seated in the first line are some advanced teachers.
1.６ 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首时，主句用不用倒装均可，但倒装形式更为常见。这类现象中常用的动词有say ,ask ,answer ,shout ,reply ,exclaim等：
(1)“Help”shouted the boy.
(2) “Exactly”said the father,shaking the old man""hand.
2.部分倒装，只把谓语的一部分（多为助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前的句子，其类型有
2.1 only 修饰状语位于句首时：
(1) Only then did I realize the importance of English.
(2) Only in this way can you solve the problem.
特别提示：only 修饰主语时不能倒装:
(1) Only he can do it.
(2) Only the teachers can solve the problem.
2.２ so+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语用在肯定句中表示“也…时”：
（１）I went there yesterday. So did she.
（２）I loved the movie and so did all my friends.
特别提示：若两个动词形式不一样时就得用so it is with…或so it is the same with…
Mike was born in England and English is his native language.So it is with Tom.
若两个主语一致时，则表示强调，不能倒装。此时so表示“的确如此”。
2.３ neither,nor用于否定句表示“也不”时：
（1）Tom does not like Japanese. Nor/Neither do I.
（2） I don""t know and nor do I care.
2.4 否定副词或短语位于句首时。这样的副词有：
never ,no ,hardly ,scarcely ,barely ,seldom ,little ,not ,nowhere ,rarely ,in no time ,in no case ,under no circumstance等。
(1) Not a single mistake did he make.
(2) Not until at least 30 seconds had passed was the man able to speak.
2.5 几个复合句型的倒装：
(1) not…until
Not until he returned did we have supper.
(2) no sooner…than hardly…when scarcely…when
No sooner had the bell rung than the teacher came in.
(3) not only…but also Not only was he forced to stay home but also he had to do his homework.
(4) so…that
So clearly does he speak that we all understand what he says.
(5) neither…nor
Neither has he called on her nor will he do so.
2.6 动词/名词/形容词/副词/不定代词+as 或though +主语+谓语.作让步状语从句：
(1) Child as he is,he knows a lot.
(2) Poor as he may be ,he lives a happy life.
(3) Much as I told you,you did not listen.
2.7 the more…the more
(1) The more you learn ,the more equipped for life you are.
(2) The harder you work ,the greater progress you will make.
2.8 whatever ,however引导让步状语从句，强调形容词或副词时：
However hard he tried, he could hardly avoid making mistakes in his homework.
2.9 其他形式的倒装：
(1)虚拟语气中，省略if 把were/should/had提到句首。
Had it not been for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the film.
Shoud it rain tomorrow ,we would have to put off the visit to the Great Wall.
(2) 表示祝愿的句子：
May you succeed！
Long live the friendship between us！
(3) 疑问句或感叹句：
“Who is it” said my mother.
What a beautiful day it is！
英语中的倒装现象比较复杂，但如果掌握其基本用法，多加练习，仔细归纳，一定能运用自如。
