ｔｏ代替整个不定式:不定式作主语用it代替

时间：2019-02-06 03:23:51　来源：柠檬阅读网本文已影响人

　　同学们,请看下面两道中考题: 　　1.―Ben,would you like to play football with us? 　　―________, but I have to wash the dishes first.(重庆)
　　A. No, I can’tB.I don’t want toC.Yes, please D.I’d love to
　　 2.―Why not join in the game, Nancy?
　　― _________, but I have to do the dishes first.(厦门)
　　A.Yes, please B.I’d love toC.Let’s go
　　[析]1.D 2.B 这里都是以to代替了整个不定式,这样做可以避免动词的重复出现而使语言简洁。由于to的这一用法的特殊性,因此我们在使用时应注意以下几点:
　　
　　一、在动词后通常可以用to代替整个不定式,且这个to不能省略。例如:
　　1.―Are you and Jane leaving for Beijing?―We hope to.
　　 2. He gets more orders than he ever managed to.
　　 3.―Will you go to the theatre, Charlie? ―I don’t want to, thanks.
　　 4. “Perhaps I’ll go to China this winter; I’d very much like to,” he said.
　　【注意】下列句子中want和like后没有to是错误的:
　　1.My parents encouraged me to be a docotor, but I didn’t want.
　　2.―Are you interested in going to university? ―Yes, I would like.
　　但是,动词try后的to常省去。例如:
　　―Can you start the car? ―OK, I’ll try.
　　二、当动词want和like用于某些从句中,其后代替整个不定式的to常省去,这些从句主要有:1)where引导的时间状语从句; 2)if和as long as引导的条件状语从句; 3)as引导的方式状语从句;4)what引导的宾语从句。例如:
　　 1. Come when you want.
　　 2. You may come if you like.
　　 3.Come and stay as long as you like.
　　 4. Do as you like.
　　 5. I’ve decided to do what I like.
　　三、be able to和used to为固定用法,to不可省去。例如:
　　 I don’t dance much now, but I used to a lot.
　　四、在宾语补足语中,to也可用来代替整个不定式,to一般不可省去。例如:
　　 I think he should get a job, but you can’t force him to.
　　五、在形容词后to可省去,特别在从句中,to的省略更多。例如:
　　 You can’t force him to go there if he’s not ready (to).
　　但I’ll be glad to.( I’d love to.或You’ll never be able to)这样的答语中to不可省去。例如:
　　―Would you like to go with me?―I’d love to.
　　六、在名词后to可省去。例如:
　　 He’ll never leave home; he hasn’t got the courage (to).

ｔｏ代替整个不定式:不定式作主语用it代替

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